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Apurímac: Más del 40% de la población adulta tiene cuentas bancarias en el 2021

Informe IPE – Diario Chaski (Apurímac)

La pandemia de COVID-19 expuso tanto fortalezas como oportunidades de mejora en muchos países. En el Perú, se reveló la importancia de la inclusión financiera, por ejemplo, para facilitar el acceso a transferencias monetarias del Estado.

Actualmente, dicho escenario sigue siendo relevante, pues el Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas ha anunciado que otorgará un “bono alimentario” a las personas de menores ingresos que están siendo perjudicadas por el incremento del costo de la canasta básica de consumo. En esa línea, resulta relevante analizar el estado de la inclusión financiera en el país. Para ello, el Reporte de Indicadores de Inclusión Financiera de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (SBS) y la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) permiten evaluar cómo ha evolucionado la inclusión financiera en Apurímac luego de la pandemia.

Crédito y tenencia de cuentas

En el Perú, el acceso al crédito -medido como porcentaje de deudores entre el total de habitantes adultos- se redujo de 35.0% a 31.7%, entre 2019 y 2021. En contraste, en Apurímac, el acceso al crédito se incrementó ligeramente de 25.1% a 26.1%. Por consiguiente, la región subió tres posiciones y pasó de ser la decimoséptima a la decimocuarta con mayor acceso al crédito a nivel nacional.

Por otro lado, la tenencia de cuentas de ahorro, plazo fijo o corriente como porcentaje de la población adulta se incrementó de 41.5% a 49.0% en el país, entre 2019 y 2021. En Apurímac, el crecimiento fue mayor, donde la tenencia de cuentas pasó de 30.5% a 40.2% durante dicho periodo. En consecuencia, la región pasó a ser la vigésima con mayor tenencia de cuentas en el Perú. Asimismo, a nivel de la macrorregión sur, Apurímac se ubica en el cuarto lugar.

Disponibilidad de la red de atención y digitalización

Otro factor importante en el análisis de la inclusión financiera es la disponibilidad de la red de atención. Entre 2019 y 2021, el número de puntos de atención del sistema financiero por cada 100 mil habitantes adultos se incrementó en 43.2% en el Perú y en 82.7% en Apurímac. De esta manera, la región ocupa el decimoquinto lugar en mayor disponibilidad de la red de atención del sistema financiero a nivel nacional y el quinto lugar en la macrorregión sur.

Respecto a la digitalización de las transacciones, posterior al inicio de la pandemia, el número de operaciones realizadas mediante la banca virtual ha ido creciendo significativamente. En 2021, un informe del IPE para El Comercio sostuvo que las transferencias bancarias aumentaron en 75% en diciembre de 2020 respecto al mismo mes de 2019. Precisamente dichas transferencias son las que incentivan el uso de aplicativos móviles. Luego de un año, la digitalización continúa creciendo. El número de transacciones realizadas a través de la banca virtual, entre enero y abril de 2022, es 4.1 veces mayor que lo registrado en el mismo periodo de 2019. Resulta relevante seguir fortaleciendo el uso de dichas herramientas digitales con el objetivo de una mayor inclusión financiera, pero sin descuidar su regulación para prevenir su potencial uso fraudulento.

 

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